Mouro Magazine

Capitalism and Post-capitalism: the new inside the old

Sérgio DOMINGUES — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

The text below presents a summary of key points from the book Post-Capitalism: A Guide to Our Future, by Paul Mason. The author intends to demonstrate that, contrary to what the Marxist tradition argues, there are already post-capitalist ways in development within the capital system. The advent of socialism would not depend on the control of the apparatus of domination to establish itself. In particular, he argues that this emerged from the moment that information technologies have gained relevant weight in the economic circuits of capitalism, since they favour the emergence of mechanisms incompatible with the market economy, such as labor and shared goods, non-proprietary products and organizations whose activities operate on cooperative digital networks. This operating logic, however, could only be understood in its complexity through the Law of Value defended by Marx. Classical political economy would be unable to explain the transformations in progress, since it presupposes commodities that cannot be priced. Mason also questions the current capacity of the "proletariat" to carry out revolutionary processes, giving such a role to "each individual on earth" or to "networked humanity".

Political femicide in the waters of the feminist tide: leaving pessimism for better days

Adriana A. SILVA, Ana Lúcia Goulart de FARIA — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

The present text addresses the electoral theme with a movement in two poles: the first one paddles against the current of the pessimism of the intellect in face of the double Brazilian tragedy in times of pandemic towards the optimism of the will, catching a breath with the feminist tide and the expressive triumphs of feminist candidacies, especially of black women, indigenous, trans, and feminist collectives – an emerging and powerful phenomenon in Brazilian context. And in this perspective, we put ourselves in motion at the second pole of reflection, placing ourselves as “organic intellectuals” and having as political strategy to seek from our praxis in the field of education, especially in the context of women teachers' formation, to highlight the struggle for daycare centers as a historical locus of women's movement, of feminist struggle, problematizing the sexual division of labor, aiming to add to the processes of professionalization and politicization of teachers, one of the central points in the collective creation around decolonizing pedagogies.

Towards a feminist and dialetic analysis of neoliberal globalization: the weight of the military-industrial complex on «global women»

Jules FALQUET — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This article examines neoliberal globalization, especially labour market transformations, from a strong gender perspective — a perspective that means both a dialectic study of women and men's occupations, and developping an intersectional approach which weaves together sex, race and class relations. Firstly, the article presents the now classical analysis of global women (nannies, maids and sex workers) in the neoliberal world, suggesting that the growing numbers of global women, who are mainly migrant and unprivileged women of the world, can be characterized as "service women". Secondly, it studies the parallel growth of what I call "armed men", as a complementary trend of the labour market for men. The article suggests that men in arms are both creating and depending on service women, individually and collectively, as part of the military-industrial complex — and that this should be studied more thoroughly. Finally, I suggest that service women and armed men should be studied together, dialectically and historically, and constitute a new paradigm to study the transformation of the labour market caused by neoliberal globalization.

Rethinking the working class: where is the reproductive work?

Marcela Piloto de PROENÇA — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This essay aims to present and discuss the issue of reproductive work in capitalism based on the approaches of two authors: Silvia Federici and Roswitha Scholz. The main objective is to understand the dimension and nature of this kind of labor, in order to address female subjugation within the foundations of the Marxist theory of work and value.

Call to the Brazilian People and Other Writings. SAFATLE, Vladimir (org). Sao Paulo: Ubu, 2019

Renan Somogyi Rodrigues da Silva — Wed, 16 Nov 2022 00:00:00 -0300

“All historical work decomposes past time, chooses between its chronological realities, according to more or less conscious exclusive preferences” (BRAUDEL, 2014, p. 44). This premise enunciated by Fernand Braudel is essential to understand the limitations of reconstructing a historical narrative of an event and/or character. These insufficiencies are due to the chronological, thematic and methodological cut that the historian chooses, guided by his perception of the totality of the theme.

Keeping this analytical prism in mind, Vladimir Safatle selected some texts by Carlos Marighella to compose the book “Chamamento ao Povo Brasileiro e Outros Escritos” (SAFATLE [Org], 2019). This choice demonstrates, following Braudel's thought, what is the conception about the communist militant exposed in the work. The question that remains, therefore, is: what are the traits highlighted by Safatle and for what reasons does the thinker emphasize them?

The debate on the Marxian theory of value between Werner Sombart and Friedrich Engels

Luiz Eduardo Simões de SOUZA, Felipe COTRIM — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

The present essay addresses a debate between Werner Sombart and Friedrich Engels, by correspondence, about a review written by Sombart at the time of the publication in 1894 of Book 3 of The Capital, organized and edited by Engels. It is possible to identify both in Engels’ concern with Sombart’s questions (which led him to write an appendix to Book 3), and in the development of Sombart’s studies (at least while his focus was on the subject of Socialism) from the suggestions of reading and understanding of Marxian categories that Engels made to him, the existence of a dialogue between the perspectives of two key intellectuals of social thought not only of that time, but of its own theoretical core. This article thus presents the biography of both authors, and comments on the correspondence between the two, adding Engels’ correspondence to third parties, commenting on Sombart, and presenting a reply to the questions of the then young economist and sociologist.

Digital currencies and the ways of capitalism

Mauricio BARBARA — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

In this paper we aim to explain processual changes in the global financial systems in the recent period. Initially, we present some of the general characteristics of these monetary systems, in a second moment, how technological changes, the dominance of DLT – distributive ledger technology and its consequences impact these changes, among them, the adoption of digital money by Central Banks and its impacts for enterprises and individuals. Finally, we intend to expose the potential consequences of these transformations.

Racism and Subaltern Domination: Looking through the Neocolonial Gap

Wilson do Nascimento BARBOSA — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

Racism is explained here as inseparable from mercantile appropriation and its elaborations, particularly those of the process of primitive accumulation. The societies created by such accumulation have their main structure in racism, on which the typical deformations of neocolonial capitalist society are founded.

Rich must pay more tax A reflection on the restrictions on the power to tax in Brazil

Hideyo SAITO — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This article highlights the innovative nature of the campaign "Tax the Super-Rich", which advocates changes in Brazilian tax system to make it effectively progressive. In this sense, it goes beyond the worn and always repeated theses that our taxes are too complex and that tax burden is too high. The campaign, on the contrary, focuses on the undeniable realization that the set of taxes in Brazil overtaxes on the poorest and unburdens the richest. In fact, employees who earn from R$ 2,000 reais already pay income taxes, while rentiers who receive millions of Reais in profits and dividends are exempt.
In addition, most of Brazil's tax revenue stems from the so-called indirect taxes, embedded in prices of goods and services, which weigh proportionally more on the poorest. The main proposals of the movement "Tax the Super-Rich" have the support of opposition parties and are processed in the Federal Chamber, slightly adapted, as agglutinating amendment no. 178 to PEC 45/2019. In the following pages, we will show the original proposals of the movement and its justifications, situating them in the context of an outline of the history of taxation, in which also emerges issues related to justice in the collection of taxes.

A look at the young man in the angolan contexto.

António Miguel ANDRÉ, Marciele Nazaré COELHO — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This article focuses on the analysis of the construction of the New Man in the Angolan context, based on the identity construction of the Angolan being. The objective is to understand the diverse processes of construction of the identity of the New Man. In the specific context, understand the Angolan social, cultural and identity transformations and their reflexes in the constitution of the new social subject from the new educational perspective. Methodologically, it is sought from the bibliographic research to present the political orientation that guides this path of the formation of an Angolan citizen to face the challenges of the country's development. As a result, the diversity in the construction of the new man is pointed out, based on the educational context that was based on an initially Marxist view, and taking into account the reality of the population after independence, forming a new man, constituted the right path.

On the other side of the wall, but never on top of the wall: the ethical and political commitment of educators and social educators who work with young people deprived of their liberty at Fundação CASA

Talita Alessandra TRISTÃO — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This article aims to discuss the ways in which educators and social educators work, through non-formal education, with and adolescents in conflict with the law who comply with a measure of detention at Fundação CASA. In addition to the pertinent bibliographic study, some results of the dissertation entitled Educação privada de liberdade: um estudo das práticas pedagógicas utilizadas com adolescentes em conflito com a lei, of my authorship, defended in 2019. It also uses memory records related to my performance as a volunteer social educator in Fundação CASA units. For
this article, I have interwoven parts of identification of the research mentioned with
more recent studies, to investigate the paradox in whether some type of education is
sought within a total institution marked by state racism. The article indicates that
educators and social educators who work at Fundação CASA through non-formal
education, without an employment relationship with the institution, have consciously
opted for this activity, being part of an intentional, social and political choice,
considering that they assume as a compromise the critical presence within an
oppressive space with which they do not agree, but, as long as it exists, they intend to
create possibilities of bonds and resistances together with the young people deprived of
their freedom.

Covid19 pandemic-sindemia: national universal public health systems or barbaries

Alexandre PADILHA, Florentino LEÔNIDAS — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This article presents a reflection of how the disease caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus to COVID-19 is not just a pandemic, but a pansyndemia, that is, a situation characterized not only by the respiratory disease of COVID-19 , but also by other conditions that are the result of biological and social interactions that contribute to worsening the health status of populations and generate impacts beyond the sanitary and particularly about the necessity of strengthening Universal Public Health Systems. It is discussed in this article, how capitalists societies have influenced, through the neoliberal agenda, the deconstruction of public policies, mainly in the health sector, which has reduced the capacity of national states to respond effectively to this Pansyndemia. In Brazil, the agenda implemented since 2016 has resulted in a reduction in SUS funding, in precarious work and in the reduction by the working class of their right to health. Furthermore, the international agenda of multilateral organizations has been building modest and timid alternatives to the right to health. We recover, in Marx's critique and in the health theoretical production inspired by Marx, that how the capitalist production and reproduction mode impacts health and that, historically, the struggle of the working class was decisive in guaranteeing the right to health within the framework of the states that emerge from these societies. Thus, we point to the need that the social and class tensions that emerge in the context of this Pansyndemia can reaffirm the importance and priority of a new cycle of struggles of the working and popular classes based on the universal right to health and in the construction of universal public systems, and that only in this way can we overcome the risks and damages of the current Pansyndemia.

We're Gonna Blow Up Everything

Marcelo VICENTIN, Pedro Santos PAVIOTI VICENTIN — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This paper aims to present the aesthetics of punk cinema by reflecting on and discussing the documentary "On Va Tout Péter", by Lech Kowalski, about the revolt of workers in a small French factory. Kowalski, who boosted his cinematographic career in the trails of the punk movement in the late 1970s, maintains and dialogues with the punk aesthetics of filmmaking, even after 18 films and 39 years away from his documentary about the Sex Pistols, reaffirming that, regardless of portraying punks or pornography, he always makes films related to human rights, the daily struggles of people, always framing the forgotten.

Incomplete revolutions and closed circuits in Brazil by Florestan Fernandes

Marcelo Rosanova FERRARO — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This article analyses Florestan Fernandes’ intellectual trajectory at the time of writing and publishing A Revolução Burguesa no Brasil, as much as the book structure, the methodological premises and the theoretical arguments from its author. Crossing times, the book reveals the past making of the 1970s dilemmas, and proves to be a classic by casting light over the shadows of another closing circuit from the national politics, decades after being written.

Dependent Capitalism and underdevelopment in the work of Florestan Fernandes

Felipe Augusto DUARTE — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This article focuses on the presentation of the nature, sense and meaning of categories of dependence and underdevelopment, as they are constructed at the work of Florestan Fernandes. From these categories, the author aims at qualifying the specific type of capitalism that emerges from the peculiar historical-social circuit of underdeveloped nations that have been born from invasion and conquest of territories of native populations of Latin America in the context of the expansion of the Western world. Trying to emphasize Florestan's thesis, according to which, although the Nation presents itself as the contextual and reference unit for the analysis of underdevelopment, dependence and correlated external patterns of domination, the operational nerve that links and organizes these phenomena are the structure and dynamism of class regime conformed to a model of domination and power struggle that establishes the limits of class struggle and, with it, the logic of social changes. Therefore, it is the supranational character of the autocratic and composite model of class domination, based on an articulation of articulations between the interests of the internal and external ruling classes, founded on the double distribution of the economic surplus, the element that allows us understand how imperialist domination and the condition of dependence are the back and the front of the same coin that always walk in order to profit better from underdevelopment.

FLORESTAN FERNANDES: SCIENCE AND POLITICS

Lincoln SECCO — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This article focuses on the intellectual life path of Florestan Fernandes as scientist and activist and his commitment to the fight for Brazilian revolution.

Lost and found the tupinambá of yesterday and today

Silvia Beatriz ADOUE — Tue, 24 May 2022 00:00:00 -0300

This study consists of two parts. In the first, there is a Reading of the research carried out by the Young Florestan Fernandes on the Tupinambá people, their social organization and the function of war. The exhaustive work of the master of sociology sought in the records of the chroniclers for elements that would allow him to reconstruct the life of the lost Tupinambá. The collection of documents, crossing of information present in them and a great effort of sociological imagination resulted in a very rich landscape that went beyond the perplexed look filter with the radically different from European travelers. They viewed the practice of peoples as a more or less demonic anomaly. And, certainly, the notes of these early Europeans served as a basis for conforming a discourse on the savage that’s been settled in common sense and was part of the justification for invasion and colonization. In the second part, there is an analysis of the struggle and self-reflection of the Tupinambá de Olivença, in the South of Bahia state, who remained in part of the ancestral territory and have been land reclamations. Chief Babau presents a world perspective, a speech on the Brazilian history and a critical observation of the current capitalist world. The Tupinambá findings indicate possibilities for a social organization that would be at the root of the struggles of the Brazilian people.